In Java Edition, because the item frame is an entity, it can be broken by simply punching it, even in Adventure mode. It is also targeted by commands using the @e selector.
In Bedrock Edition, no tool can accelerate the breaking process of the item frame.
As item frames are an entity in Java Edition, multiple item frames can occupy the same block, although on different faces. An item frame can occupy the same space as any non-solid block, or a solid block whose collision box does not intersect the item frame's hitbox. In Bedrock Edition, item frames behave like signs and thus cannot occupy the same space as other blocks or other item frames. They can, however, be waterlogged.
Players can place items in the frame by using the item. If a map is placed in an item frame, it enlarges to show the map in the size of a full block, with the item frame's location displayed as a green pointer on the map, pointing in the direction the item frame is facing. If this is done in the Nether, the green cursor spins around similar to the white cursor (players).
If an item in an item frame has been renamed using an anvil, it displays its custom name when the cursor is over the item frame.
If the player places a block inside the frame, it is displayed in miniature half in, half out of the block. This can be most notably seen on stairs or slabs.
When the item frame is displaying an item, pressing the pick block control picks the displayed item instead of the item frame.
The displayed item can be rotated by right-clicking the frame. Items displayed in the item frame can turn 45° diagonally, with a total of 8 possibilities (90° and 4 possibilities if it is a map), and the frame outputs a redstone signal depending on the rotation phase that can be interpreted by a redstone comparator (note that this rotation value is separate from the clock or compass rotation). As long as the frame remains placed, it remembers the orientation of the last item it held, and uses it for the next item it holds.[Java Edition only]
[NBT Compound / JSON Object] components: the item's components tag.
[NBT Compound / JSON Object] minecraft:entity_data: NBT applied to an entity when created from an item.
[String] id: The identifier of the entity. If the item is a spawn egg and this id is falling_block, command_block_minecart, or spawner_minecart, this component adds a red message to the item's tooltip (for operator players only) warning the player that using it may result in command execution. Define the generating entity by spawn egg. For other items, it must be equal to the id of the entity generated by the item; otherwise, the component is not effective.
[Undefined] <any field>: Optional. See Entity format for effective fields, excludes id, UUID and Passengers. Applies the NBT tag to the entity if it is valid and applicable. Other fields can be added, but they have no effect. Unlike spawn eggs, cannot change the type of entity created using the id tag. Data that item frames do not normally use (see below) has no effect.
[Byte] Facing: The direction the item frame faces: 3 is south, 4 is west, 2 is north, 5 is east, 1 is top, and 0 is bottom.
[Boolean] Fixed: 1, or 0 (true/false) - If true: the item frame does not drop when it has no support block, it can not be moved by pistons, and it won't take damage (except from creative players). An item cannot be placed in or removed from a fixed item frame. The item in a fixed item frame (if any) can not be rotated.
[Boolean] Invisible: 1, or 0 (true/false) - Whether the item frame (background) is invisible. An item or map inside an invisible item frame is still visible.
[NBT Compound / JSON Object] Item: The item placed into the item frame. If the item frame is empty, this tag does not exist. Represents the entity's contents (container.0) slot.
[Float] ItemDropChance: The chance for the item to drop when the item frame breaks. This is a 100% chance by default.
[Byte] ItemRotation: The current angle or rotation of the item, as a multiple of 45 degrees, going clockwise. 0 means the item is upright, 1 means the item is turned 45 degrees clockwise from the upright orientation.[more information needed] This value can only ever be between 0 and 7, just like its redstone output when measured with a comparator.
Maps placed in an item frame now cover the whole block face, allowing seamless tiling of adjacent maps. This makes undiscovered areas of maps invisible.
Items and blocks displayed in the item frame now rotate 45 degrees when rotated instead of 90 degrees, and a comparator outputs a redstone signal depending on the rotation phase.
Item frames now use oak planks textures for the border.
Items and blocks displayed in the item frame now rotate 45 degrees when rotated instead of 90 degrees, and a comparator now outputs a redstone signal depending on the rotation phase.
Hitting an item frame with an item inside now only removes the item instead of destroying the entire item frame.