A huge mushroom's height is normally between 5 and 7 blocks inclusive, but it has a 1⁄12 chance to generate twice as high (minus 1 block), meaning that it can be 9, 11, or 13 blocks tall.[1]
Huge brown mushrooms consist of a single stalk in the center, with a 7×7 canopy of brown mushroom blocks at the top with the corners missing.
A huge red mushroom, like its brown counterpart, has a single stalk in the center but a different canopy, composed of five 3×3 slabs of red mushroom blocks arranged above and around the stalk, forming a dome.
In addition to this, they require a sky and block light level of 12 or less to grow,[until:BE 26.60 & JE 26.4] except podzol, mycelium, or nylium where they grow at any light level.
A guide to the minimum growth requirements for each type of huge mushroom
Each type of huge mushroom has specific requirements:
For the huge brown mushroom to grow, the lowest four blocks of the stem (i.e., the three blocks above the small mushroom being grown) must be air or leaves, and a 7×(height−3)×7 region above must similarly be clear of anything except air or leaves. Because the space requirement matches the size of the canopy at the top, it is possible for a huge brown mushroom to grow with its canopy directly touching a mushroom next to it.
Unlike brown mushrooms, red mushrooms only check the blocks directly above the small mushroom, and do not require the rest of the dome to be clear of other blocks. In Java Edition blocks with the tag #replaceable by mushrooms are replaced; other blocks remain.
A minimum of 5 blocks above the mushroom must be free of solid blocks, although 7 blocks are necessary for most to spawn. 13 blocks are required for it to be possible to generate all types of huge mushrooms.
A huge mushroom does not grow above the height limit.
Any small mushroom placed does not grow into a huge mushroom naturally; bone meal must be applied.
Notch showed a picture of a Beta 1.7 change-list. Although it was completely blurred out and was at first thought of as a joke, Notch later stated that one of the pictures with the new lighting system and the change list had a secret in them.
One place where people discussed it was on the Minecraft Forums, where it was discovered that the tabs at the top of the change list, which were partly covered, could be decoded based on the one pixel tall pattern available in the image.[2]
After a user named "tmcaffeine" successfully decoded the image, the tabs read: ExperienceOrb.java, changelist.txt, Level.java, Tile.java, HugeMushroomTile.jav(a?), HugeMushroomFeature.(java?), RandomLevelSource(cut).[3]
This led people to believe that huge mushrooms would be added, and indeed, later on Notch revealed a screenshot on Google+ in which two huge mushrooms could be seen as well as a village.