Japanese verb conjugation

Type a Japanese verb — in kanji, kana or romaji, in any form — for its full conjugation: polite ます, the て-form, past た, negative ない, potential, passive, causative, volitional and the conditionals, each with when it is used.

Conjugation by verb group

The six base forms, for verbs of each group. A godan verb changes its last kana — one verb here for each ending; an ichidan verb keeps its stem; する and 来る are irregular.

Groupない形negativeます形connective辞書形dictionaryば形conditional意向形volitionalて形te-form
I買うかう買わない買います買う買えば買おう買って
書くかく書かない書きます書く書けば書こう書いて
泳ぐおよぐ泳がない泳ぎます泳ぐ泳げば泳ごう泳いで
話すはなす話さない話します話す話せば話そう話して
待つまつ待たない待ちます待つ待てば待とう待って
死ぬしぬ死なない死にます死ぬ死ねば死のう死んで
遊ぶあそぶ遊ばない遊びます遊ぶ遊べば遊ぼう遊んで
飲むのむ飲まない飲みます飲む飲めば飲もう飲んで
帰るかえる帰らない帰ります帰る帰れば帰ろう帰って
II見るみる見ない見ます見る見れば見よう見て
食べるたべる食べない食べます食べる食べれば食べよう食べて
変えるかえる変えない変えます変える変えれば変えよう変えて
IIIするしないしますするすればしようして
来るくる来こない来きます来くる来くれば来こよう来きて

The three Japanese verb groups

A verb's group decides how it conjugates. There are three, and the dictionary form gives the group away — nearly always.

Godan · Group 1

Most verbs. The last kana moves through all five vowels: 書く → 書かない, 書きます, 書ける, 書こう. Any u-row ending: 話す, 待つ, 読む, 買う, 帰る.

Ichidan · Group 2

Verbs in -iru and -eru: drop る and add the ending — 食べる → 食べない, 食べます, 食べられる. Not all of them, though: 帰る, 入る, 走る and 減る are godan, and this page knows which.

Irregular · Group 3

Just two: する (to do) and 来る (to come) — plus every noun + する (勉強する) and compounds of 来る (やって来る).

Common Japanese verbs

Every one fully conjugated — follow the link.

Questions

How do you conjugate a Japanese verb?

Find its group first — godan, ichidan or irregular — because the group decides how the ending changes. Then swap the ending for the form you need: 書く becomes 書きます (polite), 書いて (te-form) or 書かない (negative). The search above does it for any verb.

How can I tell godan and ichidan verbs apart?

A verb that does not end in -iru or -eru is godan. One that does is usually ichidan — 食べる, 見る — but a few hundred are godan anyway: 帰る, 入る, 走る, 知る, 減る. No rule covers those; they have to be learned or looked up, and this page looks them up.

Which Japanese verbs are irregular?

Only する and 来る, with everything built on them: 勉強する, やって来る. A few others have one odd form — 行く becomes 行って, not 行いて; the negative of ある is ない; くださる becomes くださいます.

Can I type romaji or a conjugated form?

Yes. Type kaku, tabemashita or いった, and the page lists the verbs it could be, with their meanings and the form you typed; pick one to see its full table.