compatibility-v0_3.md

v0.3 Compatibility Guide

@a2a-js/sdk 1.0 implements the A2A Protocol Specification v1.0, but ships an opt-in compatibility layer so that v1.0 deployments can interoperate with peers still on v0.3. The compat layer is the migration bridge: it lets operators deploy v1.0 on either side of the wire ahead of the other side, without forcing every client (or every server) to upgrade in lockstep.

This guide is written for end users of the SDK — server operators deciding whether to turn the compat layer on, and client developers who need to talk to peers that haven't migrated yet. For the architecture-level walkthrough (translators, version negotiation internals, card-shape translation), see src/compat/v0_3/README.md. For the protocol-level definition of v0.3 vs. v1.0 differences, see Appendix A: Migration Guidance in the spec.

When to enable it

Turn legacyCompat: { enabled: true } on when any of these is true:

You run a v1.0 server and need to keep accepting v0.3 clients during a staged client migration.
You write a v1.0 client and one or more of the agents it talks to still advertises v0.3 in its agent card.
You're rolling out v1.0 across a fleet and want a single deployable artifact that handles both versions, instead of running parallel binaries.

Leave it off when:

Every peer you talk to already speaks v1.0 (which keeps the v0.3 codepaths out of your dependency graph and out of your test matrix).
You're building a brand-new v0.3-only system. The compat layer exists to teach v1.0 components how to tolerate v0.3 traffic; it is not a framework for building new v0.3 servers from scratch. (Build those against the v0.3 spec directly.)

The opt-in is per handler and per transport factory — there's no project-level switch. You can, for example, opt a JSON-RPC server in while leaving REST strict.

Published entry points

The compat layer is split into six subpath exports so each one carries only the peer dependencies (express, @grpc/grpc-js) its runtime actually needs. A Workers consumer that only needs the compat-aware JSON-RPC client transport never pulls in Node-only modules.

Subpath	Use it for	Peer deps
`@a2a-js/sdk/compat/v0_3`	v0.3 protocol constants and method-name translators.	none (Workers-safe)
`@a2a-js/sdk/compat/v0_3/server`	Framework-agnostic `LegacyJsonRpcTransportHandler`, `LegacyRestTransportHandler`, `createLegacyAwarePushNotificationSender`, serializer.	none (Workers-safe)
`@a2a-js/sdk/compat/v0_3/server/express`	Express routers (`legacyAgentCardRouter`, `legacyRestRouter`).	`express`
`@a2a-js/sdk/compat/v0_3/server/grpc`	`legacyGrpcService` + `LegacyA2AService` descriptor.	`@grpc/grpc-js`
`@a2a-js/sdk/compat/v0_3/client`	`LegacyJsonRpcTransport`, `LegacyRestTransport`, plus `isLegacyAgentCard` / `parseLegacyAgentCard`.	none (Workers-safe)
`@a2a-js/sdk/compat/v0_3/client/grpc`	`LegacyGrpcTransport` (Node only; lazy-loaded by `GrpcTransportFactory`).	`@grpc/grpc-js`

The bidirectional v0.3 ↔ v1.0 translators in src/compat/v0_3/translate/ are intentionally internal and may change without a major-version bump.

Server side: accepting v0.3 traffic on a v1.0 server

The v1.0 server handlers all expose a legacyCompat option. Set { enabled: true } on each handler whose transport should also accept v0.3 traffic; the rest stay strict v1.0. Push notifications additionally need createLegacyAwarePushNotificationSender(...) from @a2a-js/sdk/compat/v0_3/server so v0.3-registered webhooks receive v0.3 bodies; gRPC needs legacyGrpcService from @a2a-js/sdk/compat/v0_3/server/grpc bound next to grpcService (the v1.0 gRPC factory has no legacyCompat flag).

See the compat-v1-server sample for the runnable wiring across all four surfaces (agent card, JSON-RPC, REST, gRPC).

How requests get routed

Once a handler is opted in, the routing is automatic — your AgentExecutor never sees a v0.3 type. The compat layer translates incoming v0.3 wire bodies into v1.0 proto types on the way in, and translates the v1.0 events your executor publishes back into v0.3 shapes on the way out.

Transport	How v0.3 is detected
JSON-RPC	The handler inspects the JSON-RPC `method` name. v1.0 PascalCase names matching `isV1JsonRpcMethod` (`SendMessage`, `GetTask`, `ListTasks`, …) route to the v1.0 dispatcher; everything else — kebab-style v0.3 names (`message/send`, `tasks/get`), unknown method strings, and bodies with no `method` field — routes to the v0.3 dispatcher so malformed/unknown requests surface v0.3-shaped errors (spec §3.6.2 default-to-v0.3).
REST	The v0.3 routes live under the `/v1/...` prefix (per the v0.3 reference proto's `google.api.http` annotations). v1.0 routes use `/<operation>` directly. Express's prefix matcher disambiguates without ambiguity.
gRPC	Each version is a separate gRPC service descriptor (`A2AService` vs. `LegacyA2AService`). The transport picks the descriptor; the SDK never needs to sniff.
Agent card	The handler reads the `A2A-Version` header (defaulting to `'0.3'` when absent, per spec §3.6.2) and emits the appropriate card shape, with `Vary: A2A-Version` set on the response.

Per-interface v0.3 advertisement

v0.3 advertisement is strict and per-interface: a binding is only reachable at v0.3 if the card lists an AgentInterface for it with protocolVersion: '0.3'. validateVersion and the agent-card synthesizer both key off the same declaration.

Use duplicateInterfacesForLegacy from @a2a-js/sdk/compat/v0_3 to mirror each binding once at v1.0 and once at v0.3:

import { duplicateInterfacesForLegacy } from '@a2a-js/sdk/compat/v0_3';

const card: AgentCard = {
  // ...
  supportedInterfaces: duplicateInterfacesForLegacy(
    [
      { url: '/jsonrpc', protocolBinding: 'JSONRPC',   tenant: '', protocolVersion: '1.0' },
      { url: '/rest',    protocolBinding: 'HTTP+JSON', tenant: '', protocolVersion: '1.0' },
      { url: '/grpc',    protocolBinding: 'GRPC',      tenant: '', protocolVersion: '1.0' },
    ],
    ['JSONRPC', 'HTTP+JSON'], // GRPC stays v1.0-only
  ),
};

The card returned to a v0.3 client is a hybrid: v0.3 top-level fields (url, preferredTransport, additionalInterfaces) AND the v1.0 supportedInterfaces[] array embedded. A modern client that encounters the hybrid card prefers supportedInterfaces[], which prevents unnecessary downgrades — see the compat-v1-client sample for the receiver logic.

Client side: talking to v0.3 servers from a v1.0 client

The client uses the same legacyCompat: { enabled: true } flag, set on each transport factory and on the card resolver:

import {
  ClientFactory,
  ClientFactoryOptions,
  DefaultAgentCardResolver,
  JsonRpcTransportFactory,
  RestTransportFactory,
} from '@a2a-js/sdk/client';
import { GrpcTransportFactory } from '@a2a-js/sdk/client/grpc';

const factory = new ClientFactory(
  ClientFactoryOptions.createFrom(ClientFactoryOptions.default, {
    cardResolver: new DefaultAgentCardResolver({ legacyCompat: { enabled: true } }),
    transports: [
      new JsonRpcTransportFactory({ legacyCompat: { enabled: true } }),
      new RestTransportFactory({ legacyCompat: { enabled: true } }),
      new GrpcTransportFactory({ legacyCompat: { enabled: true } }),
    ],
  })
);

// Just works against either a v1.0 or a v0.3 server.
const client = await factory.createFromUrl(serverUrl);

With those flags set:

DefaultAgentCardResolver inspects every fetched card. A pure v0.3 card (top-level url, no supportedInterfaces[], or a protocolVersion in [0.3, 1.0)) is translated to a v1.0 representation with protocolVersion: '0.3' stamped on each synthesized AgentInterface. A hybrid card (v0.3 top-level fields and v1.0 supportedInterfaces[]) is treated as v1.0.
Each transport factory's create() looks at the matched interface's protocolVersion. If it falls in [0.3, 1.0), the factory instantiates the v0.3 compat transport (LegacyJsonRpcTransport, LegacyRestTransport, or LegacyGrpcTransport) instead of the native v1.0 transport. With the flag off, these legacy transports are never constructed at runtime.

ClientFactory itself does not take a legacyCompat option — the flag is intentionally per transport factory and per resolver, mirroring the per-handler opt-in on the server side.

The runnable demo (both v1.0 and mock-v0.3 peers in one process) is compat-v1-client.

Caveats: what doesn't survive the round trip

Even with the compat layer enabled, the two protocol versions are not byte-equivalent. Some v1.0 surface area has no v0.3 representation and gets dropped or defaulted; the rest of this guide enumerates the cases you should know about before turning the flag on.

Methods with no v0.3 equivalent

v1.0 method	Status in v0.3	Behavior under compat
`ListTasks`	Not implemented in v0.3	A v1.0 client calling `client.listTasks(...)` against a v0.3 server fails with `UnsupportedOperationError` (JSON-RPC code `-32004`). The compat layer translates the call into a "method not implemented in v0.3" error rather than the generic invalid-request error.

Per A2A v0.3 spec §3.5.6, tasks/list was a gRPC/REST-only operation in v0.3 and was never exposed over JSON-RPC. The v0.3 proto shipped here has no ListTasks RPC at all, so the compat layer treats ListTasks as fully absent on the v0.3 side — there's no degraded fallback.

If you need cross-version task enumeration, gate listTasks calls on the peer's protocolVersion (the client's transport.protocolVersion exposes this) or use an out-of-band index.

Fields the compat layer drops or replaces

These differences come from the protocol data model itself; the compat layer applies the documented defaults rather than failing.

v1.0 field / shape	What happens going v1.0 → v0.3
`OAuthFlows.deviceCode` (v1.0 only)	Silently dropped. v0.3 has no representation for the device-code flow. If `deviceCode` is the only declared flow on a `SecurityScheme`, the v0.3 card receives an empty `OAuthFlows` object — callers can guard via `Object.keys(result).length === 0`.
`AuthenticationInfo.scheme` (single string) ↔ `PushNotificationAuthenticationInfo.schemes` (string array)	Going v0.3 → v1.0: only the first element of `schemes[]` is preserved and the rest are dropped (with a warning). Going v1.0 → v0.3: the single scheme is wrapped into a one-element array; empty becomes `[]`.
`TaskStatusUpdateEvent.final` (removed in v1.0)	Going v1.0 → v0.3 the `final` flag is computed from the status state: `true` for `completed`, `canceled`, `failed`, or `rejected`; `false` otherwise.
`SendMessageConfiguration.returnImmediately` ↔ `MessageSendConfiguration.blocking`	Inverted polarity (v1.0 `returnImmediately: true` ↔ v0.3 `blocking: false`, and vice versa).
`AgentCard.supportedInterfaces[]` (v1.0) ↔ `(url, preferredTransport, additionalInterfaces)` (v0.3)	Only interfaces whose `protocolVersion` is empty or in `[0.3, 1.0)` survive the v1.0 → v0.3 translation; if none qualify, `VersionNotSupportedError` is thrown. Use `duplicateInterfacesForLegacy` to opt a v1.0 binding into v0.3 advertisement.
`Part.content.$case` discriminator	Translated to the v0.3 `kind:` discriminator on each part (`text`, `file`, `data`). File URI ↔ v0.3 `FilePart.file.uri`; file bytes ↔ v0.3 `FilePart.file.bytes`; the v1.0 flat `Part.filename` / `Part.mediaType` map back into `FilePart.file.name` / `FilePart.file.mimeType`.

REST wire-shape caveats

Both the v0.3 and v1.0 REST surfaces speak proto-JSON of their respective proto types (per each version's google.api.http annotations) — they do not use the JSON-Schema bodies with kind: discriminators that you would send over v0.3 JSON-RPC. The two REST shapes look similar but have small field-name differences:

Aspect	v0.3 REST	v1.0 REST
Path prefix	`/v1/<operation>`	`/<operation>`
Request body field	`request` (a `Message`)	`message` (a `Message`)
`Message` payload	`content[]`	`parts[]`
Response shape	proto-JSON `SendMessageResponse` (`{task: {...}}` or `{msg: {...}}`)	proto-JSON `SendMessageResponse` (same oneof, v1.0 types)
Response Content-Type	`application/json`	`application/a2a+json`
`TaskState` encoding	`TASK_STATE_COMPLETED`	`TASK_STATE_COMPLETED`
Error → HTTP status	`LegacyA2AError` mapped to proper 4xx (e.g. `-32602` → 400, `-32001` → 404) via `mapErrorToStatus`.	A2A error classes mapped to 4xx by the v1.0 helper.

If you need to issue v0.3 wire shapes with JSON-Schema-style envelopes ({kind: 'task', state: 'completed', parts: [{kind: 'text', ...}]}), use the v0.3 JSON-RPC endpoint, not the REST endpoint.

`tasks/resubscribe` always responds with SSE

The legacy tasks/resubscribe JSON-RPC method always responds with Content-Type: text/event-stream and HTTP 200, even when the underlying call fails immediately (e.g. the task does not exist). Pre-stream errors are emitted as an SSE error event on the open stream instead of as a plain JSON-RPC 200 error envelope. Strict v0.3 clients reject anything other than text/event-stream on this method, so the SSE headers are committed before the first iterator pull.

Other streaming methods (message/stream, v1.0 SubscribeToTask) keep their peek-then-flush behaviour: a synchronous invalid-params or task-not-found error returned by the first iterator step is surfaced as a JSON 200 error envelope, and the SSE headers are only committed once the first event succeeds.

Push notifications: routed per webhook

A v1.0-only deployment delivers every push as a StreamResponse envelope with Content-Type: application/a2a+json. With the compat layer enabled, the sender (createLegacyAwarePushNotificationSender) routes per webhook:

Wire version the webhook was registered under	Body shape	Content-Type
`1.0`	`StreamResponse` envelope	`application/a2a+json`
`0.3` (or absent `A2A-Version` at registration)	The bare event object (v0.3 `Task`, `TaskStatusUpdateEvent`, or `TaskArtifactUpdateEvent` discriminated by its `kind` field)	`application/json`

Routing is anchored on the requestedVersion recorded when the webhook was registered (captured by InMemoryPushNotificationStore on save() and exposed via loadWithMetadata), not the version of the request that triggered the delivery. A v0.3-registered webhook keeps receiving v0.3 bodies even when the task is later driven by a v1.0 client.

Caveat for custom PushNotificationStore implementations. loadWithMetadata is optional. If your custom store does not implement it, the sender defaults each dispatch to the wire version of the request that triggered the dispatch, falling back to '0.3' per spec §3.6.2 when the triggering context carries no version. In a deployment that opts into the compat layer, this can mean a v0.3 webhook receives a v1.0 body (or vice versa) when the registering and triggering clients disagree. Implement loadWithMetadata on custom stores (mirror the 3-line version in InMemoryPushNotificationStore) to preserve the originating wire version per config.

Pure v1.0 deployments (no compat opt-in) are unaffected: every triggering context carries '1.0' and the built-in V1 serializer handles every dispatch.

Transport headers

Header	v0.3	v1.0
Extensions header	`X-A2A-Extensions`	`A2A-Extensions`
Version header	(absent → 0.3)	`A2A-Version: 1.0` (required)
REST Content-Type	`application/json`	`application/a2a+json`

If you're operating a v0.3 server and considering migration, the migration guide walks through every SDK-level breaking change.

Navigation Menu

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v0.3 Compatibility Guide

When to enable it

Published entry points

Server side: accepting v0.3 traffic on a v1.0 server

How requests get routed

Per-interface v0.3 advertisement

Client side: talking to v0.3 servers from a v1.0 client

Caveats: what doesn't survive the round trip

Methods with no v0.3 equivalent

Fields the compat layer drops or replaces

REST wire-shape caveats

`tasks/resubscribe` always responds with SSE

Push notifications: routed per webhook

Transport headers

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v0.3 Compatibility Guide

When to enable it

Published entry points

Server side: accepting v0.3 traffic on a v1.0 server

How requests get routed

Per-interface v0.3 advertisement

Client side: talking to v0.3 servers from a v1.0 client

Caveats: what doesn't survive the round trip

Methods with no v0.3 equivalent

Fields the compat layer drops or replaces

REST wire-shape caveats

tasks/resubscribe always responds with SSE

Push notifications: routed per webhook

Transport headers

`tasks/resubscribe` always responds with SSE